123 … after 2 weeks of persistent cough with blood-stained sputum, constant fatigue, weight loss, and fever. He visited the physician who recommended him for the Mantoux test. He was injected with tuberculin intradermally and observed after 2 days for induration.
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HYPERSENSITIVITY: IMMUNE COMPLEX REACTIONS
1234 What happens when a small number of body soldiers (the antibodies) confront a numerous caravan of intruders (the antigens) in battle inside our body?. Meet hypersensitivity: immune complex reactions for the answer and don’t forget to take our quiz after reading.
HYPERSENSITIVITY: CYTOTOXIC REACTIONS
1–31–3 Ever been in the hospital, sitting with a patient who is urgently in need of blood transfusion and wondered why physicians keeping on rejecting willing donors after laboratory screening, or why willing tissue donors were rejected by physicians due to donor-patient tissue incompatibility?. Meet Hypersensitivity: Cytotoxic reactions for the answer, you will love it!.
HYPERSENSITIVITY: ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS
Ever wondered why you cough, sneeze, get a runny nose and red-eye after inhaling dust particles. Ever wondered why you vomit and itch after taking in penicillin and chloroquine respectively?. The reasons are best explained in anaphylactic reactions.
IMMUNOLOGY: UNDERSTANDING THE COMPLEMENT SYSTEM
Resolving to the use mercenaries by a General to help heighten his defensive line, while fighting an opposition is a very good strategy for winning battles. Complement proteins are mercenaries produced regularly by the liver cells and employed in fighting infections in the body.
Immunology: the antibodies
Let’s study antibodies, one of the most powerful weapons used by a special type of a body soldier called plasma cells. Antibodies, also called immunoglobulins (Ig) are Y-shaped Glycoproteins produced by a differentiated type of B-cells called plasma cell.
IMMUNOLOGY: SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE
Reinforcement, the use of machinery and the opt for the use of sophisticated weapons is perhaps every General’s best strategy for putting an end to a lingering war. The second line of defense in immunlogy help in the complete elimination of intruding microorganisms in the body. Second line of defense is also known as the …
IMMUNOLOGY: FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE
1,2Strategic attack is very important in every battle. This is why even the body places certain infantry in the first line of defense to fight intruders (pathogens) from entering and upon their entry into the body. Pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms.
INTRODUCTION TO IMMUNOLOGY
Every empire needs gallant soldiers to keep their cities from invasion and if peradventure invaded needs soldiers to suppress intruder’s proliferation. Immunology is the study of the immune system, it deals with how the natural body soldiers help to fight and eliminate intruders (microorganisms) that causes diseases in our body.
CELL TRANSPORT
Transportation is an essential activity in our day to day life. It is needed for moving oneself or one’s goods from one place to another. Amazingly, certain substances move in and out of the cell through its membrane in a process known as cell transport.